Thinner than a ribbon: Dutch discovery boosts quantum computing

Researchers at Utrecht University and Twente University have developed new structures, as thick as one atom, revealing unique quantum properties with potential applications in quantum computing. Called ultrathin germanium nanoribbons, they proved stable against defects and impurities, and these states could enable the development of error-resistant qubits, which are vital for future quantum applications.

Quantum computing represents a fundamental shift from traditional computing methods. Unlike conventional computers that use binary bits, quantum computers operate with qubits that can exist in multiple states simultaneously through a phenomenon called superposition. This revolutionary approach enables quantum computers to solve complex problems at unprecedented speeds - as demonstrated by Google's Willow chip, which recently completed calculations that would take traditional supercomputers approximately 10 septillion years.

A crucial discovery

The recent discovery at Twente and Utrecht Universities centers on germanene nanoribbons approximately 2 nanometers wide, exhibiting remarkable quantum properties. According to researcher Pantelis Bampoulis, these structures open new possibilities for exploring quantum phenomena in one-dimensional materials with strong spin-orbit coupling. This is a process in which an electron changes simultaneously its spin and angular momentum or, in general, moves from one orbital wave function to another. What makes this discovery particularly significant is the stability of these end states against defects and impurities, potentially solving one of quantum computing's most significant challenges: error resistance. In fact, quantum qubits are very susceptible to noise.

While the full potential of quantum computing is still emerging, industry experts project significant developments in the coming decades. According to McKinsey's estimates, we could see 5,000 operational quantum computers by 2030, though solving complex problems might extend to 2035 or beyond. The implications are far-reaching - from developing personalized medicine to revolutionizing cryptography. As highlighted by researcher Dennis Klaassen, Twente nanoribbons could enable current flow without dissipation, a crucial requirement for low-energy electronics. This development aligns with broader European initiatives, including the development of the EuroQCI quantum communication infrastructure network.

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