Netherlands shines in global climate rankings, but challenges loom

The Netherlands ranks 5th in the 2025 Climate Change Performance Index (CCPI), showcasing strong performance in renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Each year, the CCPI assesses the progress made by the most significant emitters worldwide regarding emissions, renewables, and climate policy. The 63 countries plus the European Union evaluated in the CCPI are responsible for 90% of global emissions. The report was presented during the ongoing climate conference COP29 happening in Baku.

With ambitious targets set for 2030 and 2050, the country boasts Europe's highest per capita installed capacity of solar photovoltaic. However, the new government's approach raises concerns, as it appears to be weakening implementation efforts and halting key solar energy promotion measures. Despite these challenges, the Netherlands remains a top performer globally, second only to Denmark in climate action. The country's journey highlights the delicate balance between progress and potential setbacks in the fight against climate change.

Balancing ambition with action

With a legally binding climate law targeting a 95% reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050, the country aims for a 49% reduction by 2030 based on 1990 levels. The previous administration raised the 2030 target to at least a 55% reduction, and the current government under Prime Minister Dick Schoof appears committed to these targets, albeit with some reservations. However, the new administration's focus on strategic energy independence and economic benefits indicates a shift that could impact the pace of implementation.

The Netherlands excels in renewable energy, particularly solar power. It boasts the highest per capita installed capacity of solar photovoltaic in Europe. A significant factor in this achievement is the feed-in premium system (SDE+), which supports renewable energy with a substantial budget of €3.2 billion. Despite these advancements, the halting of key solar energy promotion measures under the new government raises concerns among climate experts. Offshore wind energy is now emphasized, potentially altering the trajectory of renewable energy expansion.

Significant strides have been made in transitioning away from fossil fuels. The closure of the Groningen gas field in April 2024 marks a pivotal moment, as does the planned ban on coal use for electricity by 2030. New buildings will not be connected to the gas grid, signaling a move towards cleaner energy sources. However, the construction of a CO₂ transport network and the lack of clear policy instruments for achieving ambitious forestry goals indicate areas where further action is required.

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Policy challenges ahead

While the Netherlands maintains a high ranking in the CCPI, challenges in climate policy implementation are evident. The nation's energy use remains high, affecting its overall performance. There is criticism regarding the fairness of the current support scheme for low-income households without solar PV, highlighting social equity issues in the energy transition. Additionally, the government's weak implementation of EU targets for nitrogen and water further complicates the climate policy landscape.

The Netherlands' reluctance to support a strong EU 2040 climate target reflects a cautious approach to international commitments. This stance is mirrored in the government's plans to further weaken efforts on EU nitrogen and water targets. While the country continues many policies from the previous administration, the current trajectory suggests a more conservative path in certain areas. Experts warn that any regression could undermine the Netherlands' exemplary status in global climate rankings.