{"id":310309,"date":"2021-09-30T10:55:53","date_gmt":"2021-09-30T08:55:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/innovationorigins.com\/?post_type=selected&p=310309"},"modified":"2021-09-30T10:55:53","modified_gmt":"2021-09-30T08:55:53","slug":"relieving-pain-by-mapping-its-biological-signatures","status":"publish","type":"selected","link":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/en\/selected\/relieving-pain-by-mapping-its-biological-signatures\/","title":{"rendered":"Relieving pain by mapping its biological signatures"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Many people are confronted with chronic pain that can last for months or even years. How to best treat chronic pain? First, pain must be categorized for the right treatment to be prescribed. However, is that it is very challenging for patients to define their pain, its intensity or even its location using questionnaires. To overcome this difficulty, scientists from the University of Geneva<\/a> (UNIGE) have joined forces with the research department of the Clinique romande de r\u00e9adaptation (CRR) <\/a>in Sion to carry out a complete epigenomic analysis of patients, making it possible to find the epigenetic signatures specific to each pain category. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thus, a simple blood test would make it possible to define which pain the person suffers from and, in the future, to prescribe treatment accordingly and to observe whether the biomarkers modified by the pain return to normal. The results can be read in The Journal of Pain.<\/a>

Chronic pain is classified into two main categories: nociceptive pain \u2013 defined by the activation of receptors at the end of nerve fibres and found in osteoarthritis, burns or infections \u2013 and neuropathic pain, which is caused by damage to nerve structures, such as pain caused by shingles. In order to classify which pain the patient suffers from, they  fill in several questionnaires and quantify pain intensity of using assessment scales. However, this is very subjective and time-consuming.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Blind genome analyse<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u201cAt the CRR, we treat many people suffering from chronic diseases\u201d, explains Bertrand L\u00e9ger, a researcher at the CRR and last author of the study. \u201cWe joined forces with UNIGE scientists to carry out a complete epigenomic study and define specific biomarkers for each type of pain, in order to be able to categorise the various types of pain quickly and reliably.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To do this, the Geneva team carried out an analysis of the entire genomes of 57 patients: 20 with no pain, 18 with nociceptive pain and 19 with neuropathic pain. \u201cThe aim was to start without any prior hypothesis to probe the genome as a whole and identify all the biomarkers involved in pain\u201d, explains Ariane Giacobino, the study\u2019s coauthor and a professor in the Department of Genetic Medicine and Development at UNIGE Faculty of Medicine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Biomarkers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Unexpectedly, not only did the scientists identify very striking epigenetic signatures of pain, but there was no overlap between nociceptive and neuropathic pain. \u201cThis total absence of similarities between the two categories of pain is very surprising, because intuitively, we might think that the difficulty in defining one\u2019s pain comes from a similarity in the epigenetic signature. We could prove that itis absolutely not the case\u201d, notes Ariane Giacobino.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Indeed, the biomarkers specific to nociceptive pain are expressed by the genes of the opioid system \u2013 involved in emotion, reward and pain \u2013 as well as by the genes of inflammation, specific to irritation. Conversely,  the biomarkers for neuropathic pain are linked only to genes of the GABA system, the neurotransmitters of the central nervous system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNow that these epigenetic signatures are clearly defined, a simple blood test will make it possible to define the type of pain the person is suffering from and prescribe the appropriate treatment\u201d, says Bertrand L\u00e9ger. The treatment will thus no longer target the symptoms, but the very root of the problem. And finally, since epigenetics is characterised by the fact that the expression of a gene is durably modified, the right treatment may  return it to normal. \u201cWe could imagine monitoring the reversion of pain by observing, from an epigenetic point of view, whether the biomarkers return to normal, and adapt the treatment accordingly\u201d, concludes Ariane Giacobino.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Read next: Virtual Reality for pain relief<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1760,"featured_media":105541,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":""},"categories":[34665],"tags":[],"location":[52892],"internal_archives":[],"class_list":["post-310309","selected","type-selected","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-health","location-switzerland"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":[],"featured_img":false,"coauthors":[],"author_meta":{"author_link":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/author\/arnoud-cornelissen\/","display_name":"Arnoud Cornelissen"},"relative_dates":{"created":"Posted 5 years ago","modified":"Updated 5 years ago"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Posted on September 30, 2021","modified":"Updated on September 30, 2021"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Posted on September 30, 2021 10:55 am","modified":"Updated on September 30, 2021 10:55 am"},"featured_img_caption":"","tax_additional":{"category":{"linked":["Health<\/a>"],"unlinked":["Health<\/span>"],"slug":"category","name":"Categories"},"post_tag":{"linked":[],"unlinked":[],"slug":"post_tag","name":"Tags"},"language":{"linked":["EN<\/a>"],"unlinked":["EN<\/span>"],"slug":"language","name":"Tags"},"post_translations":{"linked":["pll_6155783457f94<\/a>"],"unlinked":["pll_6155783457f94<\/span>"],"slug":"post_translations","name":""},"location":{"linked":["Switzerland<\/a>"],"unlinked":["Switzerland<\/span>"],"slug":"location","name":"Locations"},"internal_archives":{"linked":[],"unlinked":[],"slug":"internal_archives","name":"Internal Archives"}},"series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/selected\/310309","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/selected"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/selected"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1760"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=310309"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=310309"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=310309"},{"taxonomy":"location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/location?post=310309"},{"taxonomy":"internal_archives","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal_archives?post=310309"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}