{"id":380808,"date":"2022-06-16T06:30:00","date_gmt":"2022-06-16T04:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/innovationorigins.com\/?p=380808"},"modified":"2022-06-16T06:30:00","modified_gmt":"2022-06-16T04:30:00","slug":"this-estonian-scientist-turns-biggest-culprit-of-the-climate-crisis-co2-into-renewable-resource","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/en\/this-estonian-scientist-turns-biggest-culprit-of-the-climate-crisis-co2-into-renewable-resource\/","title":{"rendered":"This Estonian scientist turns biggest culprit of the climate crisis (CO2) into renewable resource"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-ugb-button ugb-button-wrapper ugb-ea82b54 ugb-button--design-spread ugb-main-block\"><div class=\"ugb-inner-block\"><div class=\"ugb-block-content\"><div class=\"ugb-button-container\"><a class=\"ugb-button1 ugb-button ugb-button--size-normal\" href=\"https:\/\/innovationorigins.com\/en\/decarbonizing-europe\/\/\" rel=\"\" title=\"\"><span class=\"ugb-button--inner\">Read more about the countries in this project<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"ugb-button-container\"><a class=\"ugb-button2 ugb-button ugb-button--size-normal\" href=\"https:\/\/innovationorigins.com\/en\/decarbonizing-europe-estonia\/\" rel=\"\" title=\"\"><span class=\"ugb-button--inner\">More about Estonia<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p>The country can make good use of these green technologies, as it <a href=\"https:\/\/innovationorigins.com\/nl\/?p=378624\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">is still heavily dependent on oil shale<\/a>, a rock from which oil is produced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Gas fermentation as solution<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;The concentration of CO<sub>2<\/sub> in our atmosphere is higher than ever and still growing. The energy transition through decarbonization is happening, but heavy industry and transportation in particular will continue to rely on carbon for some time to come. Fermentation is one way to replace fossil carbon with recycled carbon,&#8221; says Kaspar Valgepea, assistant professor at the University of Tartu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>He holds the European Research Area (<a href=\"https:\/\/rea.ec.europa.eu\/funding-and-grants\/horizon-europe-widening-participation-and-spreading-excellence\/era-chairs_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ERA<\/a>) chair for Gas Fermentation Technologies and established the state-of-the-art <a href=\"https:\/\/gasfermtech.ee\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">GasFermTEC laboratory<\/a> in Tartu in 2019. The laboratorium is part of the Estonian Centre for Biosustainability (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.synbio.ut.ee\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ECB)<\/a>. With this green technology, the scientist aims to rid Estonia &#8211; and eventually the rest of the world &#8211; of two major problems of the climate crisis: excess of CO<sub>2<\/sub> in the atmosphere and ever-growing mountains of waste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"flourish-embed flourish-chart\" data-src=\"visualisation\/10353422\"><script src=\"https:\/\/public.flourish.studio\/resources\/embed.js\"><\/script><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Traditional VS new generation gas fermentation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Traditional fermentation, in which sugar is the raw material, has been carried out on a large scale for hundreds of years. The most well-known fermentation process is conversion of sugars from malt or grapes into alcohol for beer and wine, using yeast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Over the past twenty years, researchers and the industry have intensively worked on microorganisms that can grow on CO<sub>2<\/sub> as a carbon source, without the need of light for energy. The idea is simple: gas fermentation is a next-generation, sustainable biotechnology that uses harmful gases, such as CO or CO<sub>2<\/sub> as substrate, instead of sugar. Carbon emissions are thus &#8220;fed&#8221; to microorganisms that convert the pollution into valuable bio-products.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/archive.ioplus.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/IMG_20200107_111014-1004x463.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-380802\"\/><figcaption>The GasFermTEC lab in Tartu (Estonia). <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sustainable reuse of CO2<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Valgepea&#8217;s research focuses not on the storage of CO<sub>2<\/sub>, but on its sustainable reuse. His team is following two lines of research. &#8220;We want to better understand how the bacterial cell works. With that knowledge, we then want to modify the genetic code of the metabolism to convert CO<sub>2<\/sub> and CO into native products more efficiently. Or into new products, so that gas fermentation becomes smarter and more widespread.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, the Estonian scientist does not focus on specific CO<sub>2<\/sub> or CO streams. Instead, the emphasis is on understanding the bacteria and finding general solutions that actually find application in practice. In Tartu, different gas mixtures, environmental conditions and bacterial strains are tested and engineered. &#8220;Our task is to simulate situations as realistically as possible and identify what happens to the bacteria under certain conditions.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Hardware and mathematical models<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the laboratory, hardware and mathematical models play an important role. &#8220;We can replicate and model the cell using data. For example, we can see what happens to a cell if we feed more gas to it. Or modify the genetic code of metabolism so that we can make the process of gas fermentation more efficient. In this way, we know within five seconds how the cell responds, whereas in a real-life experiment it would take weeks.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>&#8220;We want to better understand how the bacterial cell works. With that knowledge, we then want to modify the genetic code of the metabolism to convert CO<sub>2<\/sub> and CO into native products more efficiently.&#8221; <\/p><cite>Kaspar Valgepea<\/cite><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Unique laboratory<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The laboratory in Tartu is unique. Worldwide, there are only a handful of similar facilities allowing replication of industrial-like conditions at a laboratory scale. Valgepea gained experience during his postdoc at the University of Queensland in Australia. For example, the research team he was part of developed a bacterial strain that converts waste gas into a biodegradable bioplastic together with the American biotech company <a href=\"https:\/\/lanzatech.com\/\">LanzaTech<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/archive.ioplus.nl\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/Pilt-1-1004x753.jpg\" alt=\"Kaspar Valgepea\" class=\"wp-image-380803\" width=\"188\" height=\"251\"\/><figcaption>Kaspar Valgepea<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>When the opportunity came along to start up a gas fermentation lab in his home country, he didn&#8217;t hesitate for a moment. He has been at it for three years now and is running a fully functioning facility. He still works closely with both LanzaTech and the Australian lab. Here he is also partnering with local companies. &#8220;Ideas can turn out great in the lab, but they also have to be applicable on industrial scale.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Together with industry leader LanzaTech, GasFermTEC is working on improving the already commercialised gas fermentation process through process optimisation and engineering of bacteria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Complicated research<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Not many research groups or companies are working on the technology because the research is complicated. Fermenting waste gases into useful products can take place in the absence of oxygen. &#8220;You can&#8217;t just buy standard equipment and start a laboratory. Any mistake you make with oxygen will cause your experiment to fail. That makes everything take a lot of time.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>High expectations<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Valgepea has high hopes for biotechnology in general and hopes that the Estonian government sees that too. &#8220;When Estonia allocated 100 million euros of its EU recovery plan for a Green Fund, Estonia&#8217;s three largest universities put forward ideas how to take bioscience research in our country to the next level. We hope the government will support our initiative.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"vlp-link-container vlp-layout-basic wp-block-visual-link-preview-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/en\/selected\/increasing-methane-yield-from-biogas-plants-through-a-new-process\/\" class=\"vlp-link\" title=\"Increasing methane yield from biogas plants through a new process\"><\/a><div class=\"vlp-layout-zone-side\"><div class=\"vlp-block-2 vlp-link-image\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vlp-layout-zone-main\"><div class=\"vlp-block-0 vlp-link-title\">Increasing methane yield from biogas plants through a new process<\/div><div class=\"vlp-block-1 vlp-link-summary\">Germany is on the road to climate neutrality and is aiming to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 65 percent by 2030 compared to the 1990 &hellip; <a href=\"\">Continued<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><style class=\"advgb-styles-renderer\">.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-block-content .ugb-button{border-radius:3px}.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button1{background-color:#063b6d;border-radius:3px !important}.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button1 .ugb-button--inner,.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button1 svg:not(.ugb-custom-icon){color:#ffffff !important}.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button1:hover .ugb-button--inner,.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button1:hover svg:not(.ugb-custom-icon){color:#ffffff !important}.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button1:hover{background-color:#002d57;opacity:1}.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button1:before{border-radius:3px !important}.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button2{background-color:#063b6d;border-radius:3px !important}.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button2 .ugb-button--inner,.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button2 svg:not(.ugb-custom-icon){color:#ffffff !important}.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button2:hover .ugb-button--inner,.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button2:hover svg:not(.ugb-custom-icon){color:#ffffff !important}.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button2:hover{background-color:#002d57;opacity:1}.ugb-ea82b54 .ugb-button2:before{border-radius:3px !important}@media screen and (min-width:768px){.ugb-ea82b54.ugb-button-wrapper{margin-top:0px !important;margin-bottom:-20px !important;margin-right:0px !important;margin-left:0px !important;padding-top:0px !important;padding-right:0px !important;padding-bottom:0px !important;padding-left:0px !important}}<\/style>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The country can make good use of these green technologies, as it is still heavily dependent on oil shale, a rock from which oil is produced. Gas fermentation as solution &#8220;The concentration of CO2 in our atmosphere is higher than ever and still growing. The energy transition through decarbonization is happening, but heavy industry and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1744,"featured_media":512182,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"views\/single-decarb.blade.php","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"advgb_blocks_editor_width":"","advgb_blocks_columns_visual_guide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[67910],"tags":[71193,71288,7082,71437,71439],"location":[71290],"article_type":[6758],"serie":[],"archives":[67912],"internal_archives":[],"reboot-archive":[],"class_list":["post-380808","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-decarbonizing-europe","tag-decarb-estonia","tag-decarbonizingeurope-2","tag-estonia","tag-re-use-of-co2","tag-university-of-tartu","location-estonia","article_type-interview","archives-decarbonizing-europe"],"blocksy_meta":[],"acf":{"subtitle":"In the Estonian recovery plan, 100 million euros have been set aside for a Green Fund. This instrument is intended to stimulate innovative, green technologies. ","text_display_homepage":false},"author_meta":{"display_name":"Aafke Eppinga","author_link":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/author\/aafke-eppinga\/"},"featured_img":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/labor-2-scaled.jpg","coauthors":[],"tax_additional":{"categories":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/en\/category\/decarbonizing-europe\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Decarbonizing Europe<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Decarbonizing Europe<\/span>"]},"tags":{"linked":["<a href=\"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/en\/category\/decarbonizing-europe\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Decarb-Estonia<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/en\/category\/decarbonizing-europe\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">decarbonizingEurope<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/en\/category\/decarbonizing-europe\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Estonia<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/en\/category\/decarbonizing-europe\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">re-use of CO2<\/a>","<a href=\"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/en\/category\/decarbonizing-europe\/\" class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">University of Tartu<\/a>"],"unlinked":["<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Decarb-Estonia<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">decarbonizingEurope<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">Estonia<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">re-use of CO2<\/span>","<span class=\"advgb-post-tax-term\">University of Tartu<\/span>"]}},"comment_count":"0","relative_dates":{"created":"Posted 4 years ago","modified":"Updated 4 years ago"},"absolute_dates":{"created":"Posted on June 16, 2022","modified":"Updated on June 16, 2022"},"absolute_dates_time":{"created":"Posted on June 16, 2022 6:30 am","modified":"Updated on June 16, 2022 6:30 am"},"featured_img_caption":"","series_order":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/380808","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1744"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=380808"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/380808\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/512182"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=380808"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=380808"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=380808"},{"taxonomy":"location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/location?post=380808"},{"taxonomy":"article_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article_type?post=380808"},{"taxonomy":"serie","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/serie?post=380808"},{"taxonomy":"archives","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/archives?post=380808"},{"taxonomy":"internal_archives","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal_archives?post=380808"},{"taxonomy":"reboot-archive","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ioplus.nl\/archive\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/reboot-archive?post=380808"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}